References

Abrams, P., Borrini-Feyerabend, G., Gardner, J. and Heylings, P. (2003). Evaluating Governance: A handbook to accompany a participatory process for a protected area. Parks Canada and TILCEPA. [Link]

Alexander, M. and Rowell, T.A. (1999). Recent developments in management planning and monitoring on protected sites in the United Kingdom. Parks 9(2): 50–55. [Link]

Amend, S. and Amend, T. (1995). Inhabitants in national parks: an unsolvable contradiction? In: Amend, S. and Amend, T. (Eds). National parks without people? The South American experience. IUCN, Quito, Ecuador.

Balmford, A., Bruner, A., Cooper, P., Costanza, R., Farber, S., Green, R.E., Jenkins, M., Jefferiss, P., Jessamy, V., Madden, J., Munro, K., Myers, N., Naeem, S., Paavola, J., Rayment, M., Rosendo, S., Roughgarden, J., Trumper, K. and Turner, R.K. (2002); Economic Reasons for Conserving Wild Nature. Science 297: 950–53. [Link]

Barber, C.V., Miller, K.R. and Boness, M. [Eds] (2004). Securing Protected Areas in the Face of Global Change: Issues and Strategies. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. [Link]

Bishop, K., Dudley, N., Phillips, A. and Stolton, S. (2004). Speaking a Common Language: The uses and performance of the IUCN System of Management Categories for Protected Areas. Cardiff University, IUCN and UNEP-WCMC.[Link]

Borrini-Feyerabend, G, Kothari, A. and Oviedo, G. (2004). Indigenous and Local Communities and Protected Areas: Towards Equity and Enhanced Conservation. Best Practice Protected Area Guidelines Series No. 11. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. [Link]

Braun, D.P. (2005). It's not fair: understanding the viability rating framework. Prepared for the conservation measures and conservation action planning groups, The Nature Conservancy.

Carabias, J., Boness, M., de la Maza, J. and Cadena, R. (2004). Building capacity to manage protected areas in an era of global change. In: Barber, C.V., Miller, K.R. and Boness, M. (Eds) Securing Protected Areas in the Face of Global Change. Issues and Strategies. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. [Link]

Cifuentes, M.A, Izurieta, A. and De Faria, H.H. (1999). Medición de la Efectividad del Manejo de Areas Protegidas. Forest Innovations Project, WWF, IUCN and GTZ, Turrialba, Costa Rica. [Link]

CMP (Conservation Measures Partnership). (2004). Open standards for the practice of conservation (version 1.0) CMP: Washington DC. Available at: www.ConservationMeasures.org.

Colfer, C.J.P., with Prabhu, R., Günter, M., McDougall, C., Porro, N.M. and Porro, R. (1999). Who Counts Most? Assessing Human Well-Being in Sustainable Forest Management. Criteria and Indicator Toolbox Series number 8. Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor. [Link]

Cusworth, J. and Franks, T. (1993). Managing projects in developing countries. Longman Scientific & Technical, Harlow, UK and J. Wiley & Sons, New York, USA. [Amazon Link]

Davey, A.G. (1998). National System Planning for Protected Areas. Best Practice Protected Area Guidelines Series No. 1. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. [Link]

Davis, S.D., Heywood, V.H., Herrera-MacBryde, O., Villa-Lobos, J. and Hamilton, A.C. (Eds). (1997). Centres of Plant Diversity: A Guide and Strategy for their Conservation. Volume 3: The Americas. IUCN Publications Unit, Cambridge, UK. www.nmnh.si.edu/botany/projects/cpd/.

Dudley, N., Belokurov, A., Borodin, O. Higgins-Zogib, L., Hockings, M., Lacerda, L. and Stolton, S. (2004). Are protected areas working? An analysis of forest protected areas by WWF. WWF International, Gland, Switzerland. [Link]

Dudley, N., Hurd, J. and Belokurov, A. (2005). Towards an Effective Protected Areas Network in Africa. WWF International, Gland, Switzerland. [Link]

Dudley, N. and Parrish, J. [Eds] (2006). Closing the Gap: Creating ecologically representative protected area systems. Convention on Biological Diversity, Montreal, Canada. [Link]

Dudley, N. and Stolton, S. (1999). Threats to Forest Protected Areas: Summary of a survey of 10 countries. Project carried out for the WWF/World Bank Alliance in association with the IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas, Gland, Switzerland. [Link]

Eken, G., Bennun, L., Brooks, T.M., Darwall, W., Fishpool, L.D.C., Foster, M., Knox, D., Langhammer, P., Matiku, P., Radford, E., Salaman, P., Sechrest, W., Smith, M.L., Spector, S. and Tordoff, A. (2004). Key Biodiversity Areas as Site Conservation Targets. BioScience 54: 1110–18.

Ervin, J. (2003). WWF: Rapid Assessment and Prioritization of Protected Area Management (RAPPAM) Methodology. WWF, Gland, Switzerland. [Link]

European Commission. (2005). Natura 2000: Europe's Nature for You. European Commission, Luxembourg. [Link]

European Landscape Convention. (2000). www.coe.int/t/e/Cultural_Co-operation/Environment/Landscape.

Ferreira, L.V., Lemos de Sá, R.M., Buschbacher, R., Batmanian, G., Bensusan, N.R. and Costa, K.L., edited by Barbosa, A.C. and Lacava, U. (1999). Protected Areas or Endangered Spaces? WWF Report on the Degree of Implementation and the Vulnerability of Brazilian Federal Conservation Areas. WWF Brazil, Brasilia. (Available in Portuguese and English). [Link]

Gray, M. and Kalpers, J. (2005). Ranger based monitoring in the Virunga-Bwindi region of East-Central Africa: a simple data collection tool for park management. Biodiversity and Conservation 14: 2723–2741. [Link]

Grimmett, R.F. and Jones, T.A. (1989). Important bird areas in Europe, Vol. 1. International Council for Bird Preservation, Cambridge, UK. [Amazon Link]

Gilligan, B., Dudley, N., Fernandez de Tejada, A. and Toivonen, H. (2005). Management Effectiveness Evaluation of Finland's Protected Areas. Nature Protection Publications of Metsähallitus. Series A 147. [Link]

Heath, M.F. and Evans, M.I. [Eds]. (2000). Important Bird Areas in Europe: Priority Sites for Conservation. BirdLife, Cambridge, UK. [Link]

Hildén, M., Auvinen, A.-P. and Primmer, E. (Eds). (2005). Evaluation of the National Action Plan for Biodiversity in Finland 1997–2005. Finnish Environment. [Link]

Hockings, M. (1998). Evaluating management of protected areas: integrated planning and evaluation. Environmental Management 22(3): 337–46. [Link]

Hockings, M., Stolton, S. and Dudley, N. (2000). Evaluating Effectiveness: A Framework for Assessing the Management of Protected Areas. Best Practice Protected Area Guidelines Series No. 6. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. [Link]

Hockings, M., Stolton, S., Dudley, N. and Parrish, J. (2004). The World Heritage Management Effectiveness Workbook: how to build monitoring, assessment and reporting systems to improve the management effectiveness of natural World Heritage Sites. University of Queensland, Australia.

Hockings, M., Stolton, S., Corrau, J., Dudley, N. and Parrish, J. (2005). The World Heritage Management Effectiveness Workbook: Revised edition: How to build monitoring, assessment and reporting systems to improve the management effectiveness of natural World Heritage sites: Revised Second Edition. University of Queensland, Australia.

Holling, C.S. (1978). Adaptive environmental assessment and management. International series on applied systems analysis; No. 3., International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis. Wiley, Chichester; NY, USA. [Amazon Link]

Hough, J. (2003). What do we mean by capacity development? Paper contributed for the workshop stream “Developing the Capacity to Manage” at the 5th World Parks Congress, Durban, South Africa, September 2003. [Link]

IUCN. (1984). Threatened protected areas of the world. IUCN Commission on National Parks and Protected Areas, Gland, Switzerland.

Jones, G. (2000). Outcomes-based evaluation of management for protected areas – a methodology for incorporating evaluation into management plans. In: Rana, D. and Edelman, E. (Eds). The Design and Management of Forest Protected Areas. WWF International, Gland, Switzerland. [Link]

Kenchington, R. (1990). Managing Marine Environments. Taylor and Francis, New York, USA. [Amazon Link]

Leverington, F. and Hockings, M. (2004). Evaluating the effectiveness of protected area management: The challenge of change. In: Barber, C.V., Miller, K.R. and Boness, M. (Eds). Securing Protected Areas in the Face of Global Change. Issues and Strategies. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. [Link]

Machlis, G. and Tichnell D. (1985). The state of the world's parks: an international assessment for resource management, policy and research. Westview Press, Boulder, CO, USA. [Amazon Link]

Mallarach, J.M., Vila, J. and Varga, D. (Eds). (2004). El PEIN deu anys després: balanç i perspectives. ColleccióDiversitas, 50. Universitat de Girona, Girona.

Mallarach, J.M. (Ed.) (2005). Protegits de dret o de fet? Avaluació de l'efectivitat del sistema d'espais naturals protegits de Catalunya. Institució Catalana d'Història Natural, Barcelona, Spain.

Margules, C.R. and Pressey, R.L. (2000). Systematic conservation planning. Nature 405: 243–253. [Link]

Mason, R. (1997). Performance monitoring of programs to conserve biological diversity: a brief introduction with examples. IBAMA/GTZ International Workshop on the Biodiversity Protection Monitoring System in Conservation Units.

MacKinnon, J. and MacKinnon, K. (1986). Review of the Protected Areas System of the Indo-Malayan Realm. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. [Amazon Link]

MacKinnon, J., MacKinnon, K., Child, G. and Thorsell, J. (1986). Protected Areas in the Tropics: A Manager's Handbook. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.

Mittermeier, R.A., Robles, G.P., Hoffmann, M., Pilgrim, J., Brooks, T., Mittermeier, C.G., Lamoreux, J. and da Fonseca, G.A.B. (2004). Hotspots: Revisited. CEMEX, Mexico. [Link]

Múgica, M. and J. Gómez-Limón [Eds]. (2003). Action Plan for the Protected Areas of Spain. Spanish Section of the European Federation for Natural and National Parks. Fundación Fernando González-Bernáldez, Madrid, Spain.

McNeely, J., Harrison, J. and Dingwall, P. [Eds]. (1994). Protecting Nature – Regional Reviews of Protected Areas. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. [Link]

Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council. (2004). Directions for the National Reserve System – A Partnership Approach. Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Heritage, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Link]

Newmark, W.D. (1985). Legal and biotic boundaries of western North American national parks: A problem of congruence. Biological Conservation 33: 197208. [Link]

NSW Audit Office. (2004). Performance audit: managing natural and cultural heritage in parks and reserves: National Parks and Wildlife Service. The Audit Office of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.

Olson, D.M. and Dinerstein, E. (1997). The Global 200: A representative approach to conserving the Earth's distinctive ecoregions. WWF-US, Washington DC, USA.

Parks Canada. (2000). Unimpaired for future generations: protecting ecological integrity with Canada's national parks. Parks Canada, Ottawa, Canada.

Parrish, J. (2004). Personal communication.

Parrish, J.D., Braun, D.P. and Unnasch, R.S. (2003). Are we conserving what we say we are? Measuring ecological integrity within protected areas. Bioscience 53(9): 851–60. [Link]

Pomeroy, R.S., Parks, J.E. and Watson, L.M. (2004). How is your MPA doing? A Guidebook of Natural and Social Indicators for Evaluating Marine Protected Area Management Effectiveness. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. [Link]

Salafsky, N., Margoluis, R. and Redford, K. (2001). Adaptive Management: A Tool for Conservation Practitioners. Biodiversity Support Program, Washington, DC, USA. [Link]

Scherl, L.M., Wilson, A., Wild, R., Blockhus, J., Franks, P., McNeely, J.A. and McShane, T.O. (2003). Can Protected Areas Contribute to Poverty Reduction? Opportunities and Limitations. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. [Amazon Link]

Scott, M.J., Davis, F.W., Csuti, B., Noss, R., Butterfield, B., Groves, C., Anderson, H., Caicco, S., D'Erchia, F., Edwards, T.C., Ulliman, J. and Wright, R.G. (1993). GAP Analysis: A Geographic Approach to Protection of Biological Diversity, Wildlife Monographs 123: 1–41. [Link]

Staub, F. and Hatziolos, M.E. (2004). Score Card to Assess Progress in Achieving Management Effectiveness Goals for Marine Protected Areas. World Bank, Washington DC, USA. [Link]

Stem, C., Margoluis, R., Salafsky, N. and Brown, M. (2005). Monitoring and evaluation in conservation: a review of trends and approaches. Conservation Biology 19(2): 295–309. [Link]

Stolton, S., Hockings, M., Dudley, N., Mackinnon, K. and Whitten, T. (2003). Reporting Progress at Protected Area Sites. A simple site-level tracking tool developed for the World Bank and WWF. Prepared for the World Bank/WWF Forest Alliance. [Link]

Sweatman, H. (1997). Long-term monitoring of the Great Barrier Reef. Status Report Number 2. LTM No.2. Australian Institute of Marine Science, Australia. [Link]

Task Force on Economic Benefits of Protected Areas of the World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) of IUCN in collaboration with the Economics Service Unit of IUCN. (1998). Economic Values of Protected Areas: Guidelines for Protected Area Managers. Best Practice Protected Area Guidelines Series No. 2. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. [Link]

The Nature Conservancy. (2000). The Five-S Framework for Site Conservation. The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA, USA. [Link]

The Nature Conservancy (TNC). 2003. Assessment of Target Viability Worksheet: Conservation Project Management, Workbook Versions 3 (CAP) and 4. The Nature Conservancy, internal guidance document. [Link]

Wells, M., Brandon, K. and Hannah, L. (1992). People and parks: linking protected area management with local communities. World Bank, Washington, DC, USA. [Amazon Link]

Wells, S.M. (2004). Assessment of management effectiveness in selected marine protected areas in the Western Indian Ocean. IUCN Eastern Africa Regional Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. [Link]

Wells, S. and Mangubhai, S. (2005). Assessing Management Effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas: a workbook for the Western Indian Ocean. IUCN Eastern African Regional Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. [Link]

Whyte, A. and Ofir, Z. (2004). The Knowledge Products and Services Study: Addendum to the 2004 External Review of the IUCN Commissions. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. [Link]

< previous section  < index >  next section >